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第八章 The Industrial Revolution 工业革命 (第45/47页)
rthrow of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Restored briefly in 1814 and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the First French Empire, the senior line of the Bourbons was finally overthrown in the July Revolution of 1830. A cadet branch, the House of Orleans, then ruled for 18 years (1830–1848), until it too was overthrown. The Princes of Condé (Bourbon–Condé) were a cadet branch of the Bourbon–Vendomes and, in turn, were senior to the Princes of Conti (Bourbon–Conti). Both these lines became extinct in the early nineteenth century. ??Philip V of Spain was the first Bourbon ruler of Spain, from 1700. The Spanish Bourbons (in Spain the name is spelled Borbon and rendered
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